refer to…as
speak of…as将…称作
Smoking is usually referred to as a bad habit.抽烟通常被认为是坏习惯。
I heard them refer to her as“Big Sister”.我听见他们称她为“大姐”。
Since gases and liquids are capable of flowing,they are commonly referred to as fluids.气体和液体都能流动,所以统称为流体。